This publication continues the annual series of bulletins begun in 1950 as a cooperative undertaking between the National Association for Research in Science Teaching and the Office of Education. The present bulletin summarizes and interprets the research in science education from July 1956 to July 1957. The improvement of teaching in science, as in all other subjects, depends to a large degree upon the extent to which the findings of research are translated into action by science consultants and classroom teacher. The purpose of this bulletin is to assemble the research findings in science education in such a form as to be most useful for this and other purposes. A standing committee of the National Association for Research in Science Teaching made a meticulous search of the book, pamphlet, and periodical literature for the period July 1956 to July 1957. The issues of more than 50 magazines which have carried published research in science education were reviewed. Frequent use was also made of other sources, such as the Education Index. In addition, the committee members reviewed abstracts of unpublished studies in science education which are obtained annually by the Office of Education. Inquiry blanks for these unpublished studies were mailed to over 900 institutions and individuals who have knowledge of current research work in the field of science education. From these two sources the master list of research studies was made, and the studies reported in this bulletin were selected from this master list by applying a set of criteria which the National Association for Research in Science Teaching has established for the evaluation of research in science teaching. This bulletin is divided into three sections: (1) An Examination of the Research (elementary level, secondary level, and college level); (2) Interpretations and Recommendations (elementary level, secondary level, college level, general considerations, recommendations); and (3) Bibliographies (elementary level, secondary level, and college level). (Contains 5 footnotes.) [Best copy available has been provided.]