Human trafficking is a serious federal crime with penalties of up to imprisonment for life. Federal law defines "severe forms of trafficking in persons." In short, human trafficking is a form of modern slavery. Those who recruit minors into commercial sexual exploitation (or prostitution) violate federal anti-trafficking laws, even if there is no force, fraud, or coercion. An unknown number of U.S. citizens and legal residents are trafficked within the country for sexual servitude and forced labor. Trafficking can involve school-age youth, particularly those made vulnerable by challenging family situations, and can take a variety of forms including forced labor, domestic servitude, and commercial sexual exploitation. How to identify a victim of human trafficking, how to report a suspected incidence of human trafficking and how the United States helps victims of human trafficking are discussed in this paper. (Contains 5 online resources.)