Educators have kept up a continual bombardment against one-room schools. It has been pointed out that one teacher working alone with all grades and with pupils of all ages can not be expected to accomplish results equal to the results made possible by the specialization of the well-graded school. The present-day practice of attempting to evaluate scientifically the educational achievements of pupils has centered an interest in the instructional results obtained in one-teacher schools as compared with those obtained in large rural schools. The main purpose of this bulletin is to bring together results obtained from educational testing programs in the two types of schools. (Contains 5 figures and 12 tables. A bibliography is included.) [Best copy available has been provided.]