Human Capital development through education is a long time investment made by the state to enhance the well being of her citizenry. By investing in education, well educated individuals bring to bear their talents, knowledge, skills and experiences as they function in the various sectors of the economy. Human Capital development is therefore a prerequisite for economic growth and development, as well as a necessary and sufficient condition for poverty reduction in Nigeria. Unfortunately, successive governments in Nigeria have continued to pay lip services to the issue of investment in education. The author is of the view that poverty is synonymous with underdevelopment. Therefore, investing in human capital through education is the best strategy for overcoming the developmental challenges in the country, especially poverty reduction. This will be achieved by ensuring an effective educational system that is well funded, equipped, science and technology focused, dynamic, and innovative.