The purpose of this meta-analytic review is twofold. First, the authors estimate the impact of K-8 summer literacy interventions on reading achievement. They measure reading achievement using a composite outcome and specific measures of word reading and fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension. Second, they examine the moderating role of the socioeconomic characteristics of the sample on a composite reading outcome and reading comprehension. Although there is a growing literature on the negative impact of summer vacation on low-income children's reading achievement, little is known about the moderating role of children's socioeconomic status on the effects of interventions. This review updates a comprehensive meta-analysis of summer school and also extends prior work by including interventions that take place in the home setting.