The study examined whether students who use a voucher to attend private school have greater mathematics and reading achievement than students who attend public schools. The study analyzed data on more than 2,200 elementary and middle school students from public and private schools in Milwaukee. Academic achievement was measured using the Wisconsin Knowledge and Concepts Examinations in math and reading, the same standardized tests that are administered through Wisconsin's accountability program. In fall 2006, the study's authors matched each voucher participant with one comparison student from Milwaukee Public Schools. Math and reading scores of a subsample of these matched students were measured through fall 2008 to determine the effect of voucher participation. Analyses controlled for student demographic characteristics and student test scores from before the study's first year. The authors found no significant differences between math and reading achievement of students who used a voucher to attend private school and comparison students from Milwaukee Public Schools. The WWC does not consider these results to be conclusive because it could not verify from data presented in the study whether the voucher-and comparison-group students were initially equivalent in math and reading achievement. The research described in this report does not meet WWC evidence standards. (Contains 3 footnotes.) [The following study is the focus of this "Quick Review": Witte, J. F., Cowen, J. M., Fleming, D. J., Wolf, P. J., Condon, M. R., & Lucas-McLean, J. (2010). "The MPCP Longitudinal Educational Growth Study third year report" (SCDP Milwaukee Evaluation Report #15). Fayetteville: University of Arkansas, School Choice Demonstration Project.]