Understanding the Early Years (UEY) is a national research initiative. It provides communities with information to enable them to make informed decisions about the best policies and most appropriate programs for families with young children. It seeks to provide information about the influence of community factors on children's early development and to improve the community's capacity to use these data in monitoring child development and creating effective community-based responses. This report is one of twelve community reports describing children's outcomes and explaining them in terms of three factors: family background, family processes, and community factors. Studies in one pilot community and five study communities were conducted in 2000-2001. This report presents results for Saskatoon, one of seven communities studied in 2001-2002. Children's outcomes were assessed in three major categories: physical health and well-being, cognitive skills, and behavioural measures. Each evaluation comprised several measures: (1) Family background includes information on the parents' income, level of education, and occupational status; (2) Family processes include positive parenting practices, engagement in learning activities, family functioning, and maternal mental health; and (3) Community factors include social support and social capital, neighbourhood quality and safety, use of recreational, cultural, and educational resources, and residential stability. (Contains 20 footnotes, 15 figures, and 4 tables.) [This report was prepared with assistance from Shawn Dalton and Norman Daoust.]