This report examines both the educational and political dimensions of time reform. It presents the findings of a wide range of research on time reform, discusses the impact of various time reforms on the life of schools and beyond, and makes recommendations for policymakers about how to best leverage time in and out of school to improve student achievement. (Contains 2 figures, 1 table, and 57 endnotes.) [This research was made possible with a grant from The Broad Foundation.]