The current social and educational context that combines high-stakes accountability with ideals of supporting social, physical and emotional needs of children requires that today's school principals demonstrate vision, courage and skill to lead and advocate for effective learning communities in which all students reach their highest potential. This updated and expanded publication discusses six benchmark standards for principals: (1) Lead Student and Adult Learning; (2) Lead Diverse Communities; (3) Lead 21st Century Learning; (4) Lead Continuous Improvement; (5) Lead Using Knowledge and Data; and (6) Lead Parent, Family and Community Engagement. ["Leading Learning Communities: Standards for What Principals Should Know and Be Able To Do" was created in partnership with Collaborative Communications Group. Funds for this publication were provided by Lifetouch Inc. and Landscape Structures.] [For the corresponding Executive Summary of the previous edition, see ED500883.]