This book of research readings provides clear evidence that adult prisoners and offenders who participate in vocational education and training (VET) during their sentence are less likely to re-offend. A reduction in recidivism represents significant cost savings to the community. The book highlights recent improvements in the delivery of VET for adult prisoners and offenders in Australia. The readings in this book examine the role of vocational education and training in the rehabilitation of adult prisoners and offenders, and demonstrate how recent improvements in VET delivery have led to better outcomes for adult prisoners and offenders. This book comprises five chapters on international and Australian research on adult prisoners and offenders, and six chapters on improving delivery of VET for adult prisoners and offenders in the Australian context. Included in the latter are chapters about literacy and oral language competency and Indigenous-specific programs and initiatives. Readings include: (1) International Research and Trends in Education and Training Provision in Correctional Settings (Raymond Chavez and Susan Dawe); (2) The Role of VET in Recidivism in Australia (Victor Callan and John Gardner); (3) Ex-Prisoners and Ex-Offenders and the Employment Connection: Assistance plus Acceptance (Joe Graffam and Lesley Hardcastle); (4) The Role of Education and Training in Prison to Work Transitions (Margaret Giles, Anh Tram Le, Maria Allan, Catherine Lees, Ann-Claire Larsen, and Lyn Bennett); (5) Should Education and Vocational Training Be Compulsory in Corrections? (Peter de Graaff); (6) The Provision of VET for Adult Prisoners in Australia (Sian Halliday Wynes); (7) Using Research to Inform Practice: Western Australian Correctional Education (Christine Laird, Raymond Chavez, and Melanie Zan); (8) Throughcare and VET for Adult Prisoners and Offenders within the New South Wales Department of Corrective Services (Karen Banfield, Steve Barlow, and David Gould); (9) Improving VET for Adult Prisoners and Offenders in Australia (Sian Halliday Wynes); (10) Improving Literacy for Adult Prisoners and Offenders (Bernard Meatheringham, Pamela Snow, Martine Powell, and Michael Fewster); and (11) Education and Training for Indigenous People in Prisons (Cydde Miller). References, footnotes, and tables are cited by individual reading. A glossary is also included.[This work has been produced with funding provided through the Australian Department of Education, Science and Training. The author/project team were funded to undertake this research via a grant under the National Vocational Education and Training Research and Evaluation (NVETRE) Program. For the Support Document containing additional information, see ED499731.]