This guide is aimed at anyone in work-based training who is responsible for learners during their first few weeks. Readers will (1) understand the value and purpose of initial assessment in key skills and Skills for Life; (2) become familiar with a range of techniques for the initial assessment; (3) plan an initial assessment system that is accurate, consistent and fair; and (4) check whether one's organization has all the necessary skills and resources. Overall, the aim is to help trainers to guarantee that every one of their learners approaches their learning program on the basis of a clear, accurate and fully rounded assessment of their skills attainments and potential. This guide offers a number of messages about the initial assessment process. Done well, initial assessment offers real benefits to learners, trainers and employers. It is not just an administrative or contractual requirement--it offers a vital chance to match training delivery to individual needs, increasing motivation, commitment and achievement. Initial assessment should focus on learners' potential--what they should be able to achieve in the future--as well as their existing attainments. Initial assessment provides the launch pad for the individual's learning plan--and the chance for trainer and learner to build up trust and start to work together. Effective initial assessment uses a blend of six techniques: (1) documents; (2) self-assessment; (3) discussions; (4) observation; (5) structured activities; and (6) tests. The picture of an individual's abilities and needs built up by using these techniques should be brought together through a system that is fair, positive, consistent, rigorous, documented, and linked to a dynamic learning plan. [This document was written with Deborah Record. It was produced by the Learning and Skills Network as part of the Key Skills Support Programme (KSSP), a programme funded by the Department for Education and Skills. The Department for Education and Skills (DfES) has appointed Learning for Work to manage the programme.]