The Education for All (EFA) goal of increasing adult literacy by 50 percent reflects two simple facts: first, primary school attendance has positive effects, including better family health and increased productivity; and second, when parents learn to read, more children go to school. So why haven't more countries and donors supported adult literacy programs as a routine part of their EFA planning? One reason is that government programs tend to be too expensive, with weak content and high drop-out rates. Despite these constraints, Senegal appears to have found a way to implement a successful adult literacy program. In 1993, Senegal established a new policy for literacy programs based on partnership between civil society and the state: (1) The state ensures policy leadership, overall coordination, monitoring and evaluation; (2) The providers (civil society organizations, such as non-profits, village associations, and language associations) implement local literacy activities; and (3) An independent contract-managing agency handles contracts and rapid transfer of funds to providers. Senegal?s main financial partners were the World Bank and the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA).