This book looks at ways European governments can create changes in institutions that will foster cooperation among states, focusing on company investment in general skills and using data from France and Germany. Chapter one provides a general description of the challenges governments face in developing policies to change company-level vocational training practices. Chapter two contains an analysis of why actors (countries, companies, etc.) have an interest in cooperation. It focuses on the experiences of France and Germany, East German large firms, and French and German small and mid-size firms. Chapter three examines the training behavior of companies in Germany and France and provides an overview of government training program reforms in the two countries, along with the results of training reforms. Chapter four compares the policies of Saxony regarding encouraging apprenticeships with those of neighboring state Saxony-Anhault. Chapter 5 discusses the general failure of French vocational training reform and contrasts it with the success of an association of employers in the Valley of the Arve. Chapter six considers the broader implications of the book's findings for cooperation and policy-making. The book also contains a list of abbreviations, three appendixes, extensive references, and an index. (SLR)