This case study examines the history and current circumstances of education in East Feliciana Parish (Louisiana) in the context of its participation in the Delta Rural Systemic Initiative (RSI), which aims to improve science and mathematics achievement through systemic reform. This report describes the parish's history, demography, and economic condition; the school system and its involvement with the Delta RSI; and progress on the National Science Foundation's "six drivers of educational system reform": implementation of standards-based curriculum, supportive policies, convergence of resources to support math and science programs, broad-based parent and community support, improved student achievement, and improved equity of achievement. The parish lies in the heart of Louisiana's plantation country and has low educational attainment and high rates of poverty, teen pregnancy, single parenthood, and unemployment. Student aspirations are low and place little value on education. The school system serves approximately 2,900 students, about 80 percent Black, in three elementary, two middle, and two high schools. (Most White students attend private schools.) The RSI attempts to increase local capacity to improve math and science education by providing professional development and technical assistance and fostering resource convergence and community engagement. Evaluators found weak or no evidence of developing success on four drivers of reform and moderate evidence of progress on the other two. Although this school system is the type targeted by the RSI, the RSI intervention did not fit local needs. The standards-based curriculum did not connect with student/community needs, professional development was undermined by high teacher turnover, and state-mandated high-stakes testing had negative impacts. (SV)