The changing nature of the demand for training in Australian enterprises adopting new management practices and the implications of those changes for training providers were examined. More than 3,400 private sector enterprises were surveyed by mail, after which follow-up telephone interviews were conducted with 80 human resource practitioners from the original sample. A learning organization, total quality management, and lean production were more common in small- to medium-sized enterprises. Business size was not positively correlated with training practices; however, small businesses tended to develop formal and more innovative methods of training to ensure that the right skills are developed in their workforce. Much training was sourced internally. Many enterprises in the telephone survey sample were undertaking individual training needs analysis and/or introducing performance management systems focusing on individuals' development needs. Training was becoming more formalized with a higher-than-expected incidence of training plans. Behavioral skills were a major focus of training efforts at the enterprise level. Most new managerial practices were associated with higher levels of enterprise training. The following items are appended: the survey questionnaires; statistical analyses of the training and explanatory measures and models of training activity; estimates of the explanatory variables; and the modeling results. (Contains 34 tables/figures and 98 references.) (MN)