This guide for those in the "High Schools That Work" initiative is designed to help teachers use classroom assessment to motivate students to work harder to meet challenging standards; to get students to organize information, make interdisciplinary connections, synthesize new knowledge, and draw conclusions from what they learn; to promote independent learning and personal responsibility; to change the nature of academic and vocational instruction from simply teaching facts and procedures to teaching how to research, plan, evaluate, think, and solve problems; and to encourage students to use continuous reflection and self-assessment. The guide covers the following topics: (1) standards-driven assessment for academic skills, technical skills, thinking skills, and personal skills; (2) assessment strategies, such as multiple-choice tests, short-answer tests, essay exams, problem-based questions, scenarios and case studies, projects and products, presentations and performances, and portfolios; and (3) guiding principles for using assessment to improve student learning. Discussion and examples of classroom use are provided for each topic. (KC)