An overview of recent literature on changes in the nature and patterns of work and their implications for vocational education and training (VET) is offered. Changes in the nature and patterns of work present significant challenges to the VET sector. More women have entered the work force; unemployment has reemerged as a significant factor; increasing numbers of workers are employed under part-time and casual arrangements; employment has shifted across industries with declining jobs in manufacturing and increases in service industries; and the work force is less unionized. Knowledge has become a significant new form of capital and businesses are increasingly recognizing its value. Changing work patterns may also alter traditional patterns of living, as work and time outside of work become blurred. Diversity and creativity are needed in responses at all levels of the VET system, from national policy to program provision at the grass-roots level. Managing the needs of diverse clients represents one key tension in VET; managing the tension between overarching national (or state) policy frameworks and more localized needs and concerns is another. Current moves to develop and promote national training packages may provide a means to address the diversity of apparent needs. A paradigm shift is required--from a focus on predetermined content for delivery to an emphasis on effective dialogue with the stakeholders on designs for effective learning. Four areas for further investigation have been identified: developing learning communities, collective competence, workplace learning, and implications for VET work. (Contains 54 references.) (YLB)