Model-Based Instruction (MBI) plays a significant role in the undergraduate teacher education program at South Dakota State University. Integrated into the program 8 years ago, the understandings and applications of MBI have evolved into a powerful and comprehensive framework that leads to rich and varied instruction with students directly in the center of the learning process. This paper presents an overview of MBI as the concept has evolved at South Dakota State University, then discusses four different applications from the perspective of various active users of MBI: (1) organizing a teacher education program around MBI, (2) student teacher supervision and staff development from an MBI framework, (3) using MBI for lesson and unit development, and (4) using MBI as a frame for reflection and self-study. The paper concludes that MBI is a framework around which students' new and disparate knowledge can be organized and brought into the decision-making process. It suggests that if MBI is going to be comprehensive and powerful, this knowledge must be consonant with all the concepts and relationships of the MBI framework. (Contains 17 references.) (SM)