This paper describes how the authors are exploiting the potential of interactive World Wide Web media to support a central part of academic life--the publishing, critiquing, and discussion of documents. The paper begins with an overview of documents in academic life and a discussion of paper-based or "papyrocentric" print and scholarly work. The following design principles, underlying the environment for reading and critiquing Web documents that the D3E (Digital Document Discourse Environment) Publisher's Toolkit generates, are summarized: (1) avoid over-elaborate discussion structuring schemes; (2) integrate document media with discourse; (3) redesign work practices to emphasize discourse; and (4) support the new practices with tools. The process of publishing and critiquing Web documents using D3E is described, and its application to an educational multimedia electronic journal and to tutors and students in a distance learning scenario is illustrated. Areas for future work are considered. Three figures present D3E screens, including a publication form, output from a source HTML file, and a shared discussion space. Contains 23 references. (MES)