A review of literature on technology and second language (L2) instruction focused on the use of seven different technologies: television/videotapes/tape recordings; hand computers; computer conferencing; electronic mail (e-mail); multimedia and hypermedia; computer-assisted language learning; and machine translation. A secondary purpose of the review was to integrate the findings concerning each technology into a holistic framework. Seventeen articles reported here were found to provide a cross-section of technological tools applied to L2 learning. The findings of those articles are analyzed, with attention to both current realities and future promise, in three areas: summary of the major contributions of each technology to L2 learning; major issues or concerns related to implementation; and research methods used in the studies. Future research is proposed. In addition, the Internet and emerging technologies are considered briefly. Contains 50 references. (Author/MSE)