This document presents guidelines for differential diagnosis and eligibility determination under Connecticut's Birth to Three System for young children with communication problems, usually delayed speech. An executive summary presents a rationale and recommendation locator in the form of a matrix of communication problems, the eligibility decision, the rationale for this decision, and recommendations. Section 1 offers guidelines for evaluating specific expressive language delays (SELD). Sub-sections consider early identification of SELD (otitis media, phonology, and oral motor/developmental apraxia of speech), determining eligibility for Connecticut's Birth to Three System, intervention for eligible children, and strategies for children found not to be eligible. Section 2 is on fluency and covers early identification of stuttering like disfluencies, intervention for eligible children, and strategies for children found not to be eligible. Section 3 offers guidelines for children from homes in which English is not the primary language. This section covers early identification, intervention for eligible children tested in their primary language, strategies for children found not to be eligible, international adoptions, and hearing children of deaf parents. Frequently asked questions and their answers complete the guide. Among 16 appendices are an evaluation/assessment protocol, standards of English and Spanish phonological development, and a glossary. (Contains 68 references.) (DB)