The 76 case studies presented here describe how teachers of English as a second language (ESL) respond to problems they encounter in teaching. Each case study describes the context in which the teacher is working, the problem, and the teacher's response. Following each case study is a brief commentary by a teacher educator who reflects that type of problem encountered and the teacher's solution. The case studies are from a wide variety of settings within and outside the United States and at varied instructional levels. Topics include: teacher development (time management, cultural diversity, teacher talk, large classes); teaching ESL in mainstream programs (learner diaries,language variation, computer-assisted numeracy instruction, community initiatives, student integration); introducing curriculum innovations (early childhood education, curriculum development, English for academic and occupational purposes, language attrition); relations with colleagues and students (cultural issues, language differences); affective factors in the classroom (stimulating participation, motivating students, encouraging active learning, changing negative attitudes, immigrant students, learning styles); achieving appropriate learner behaviors; teaching writing (writing workshops, collaborative writing, peer review, creative writing, error analysis, error correction); multi-level classes; teaching speaking; teaching vocabulary and grammar; and teaching reading (extensive reading, dyslexia, literature appreciation, authentic materials). (MSE)