Although the forces that are globalizing the economy, democratizing political life, and ushering in a knowledge society promise to improve humanity, they are also exacerbating the marginalization of individuals and the polarization of entire nations. Many individuals in developing nations are at risk of systematic exclusion from meaningful participation in economic, social, political, cultural, and other forms of human activity in their communities. Access to basic education must be deemed a basic human right and the means to empowerment, which is the key to establishing and reinforcing democracy. Adult basic education and educated parents are keys to raising educated children; however, the limitations of formal schooling as a way of achieving universal education should also be acknowledged. The costs of effective literacy and basic education programs for adults and young people compare favorably with the costs of primary education. Widespread basic education is a prerequisite for economic, social, and political development, as well as for personal development and empowerment. (Twenty-seven tables/figures are included. Appended are the following: a list of 10 data sources used to prepare the tables/graphs; list of countries constituting the 6 regions discussed; and a glossary. Contains 21 references.) (MN)