This pamphlet addresses the research related to underachievement of women in science and mathematics and the implications of such underachievement for the nation. Fewer women are graduating in science and engineering and girls continue to score lower than boys on science achievement tests. The brochure stresses that an equitable education makes a difference in achievement and suggest guidelines for assessing equity in the classroom. Sections of the pamphlet include: (1) "Why Bother?"; (2) "Are Girls Receiving as Good an Education as Boys?"; (3) "Are Single-Sex Classes the Answer?"; (4) "What is an Equitable Coed Classroom?" and (5) "Is My Class Equitable?" A 9-item reference and sources section concludes the pamphlet. (EH)