The concept of caring, especially when applied to adolescents, is often overlooked in education, perhaps due to the belief that parents are their primary nurturers or that adolescents do not require nurturing. This literature review examines periodicals, documents, books, and a television broadcast, all produced between 1990 and 1996, that deal with caring strategies in relation to middle and secondary students. Major findings are presented in the following categories: (1) need for implementing concepts of care; (2) historical perspective; (3) fostering care by nurturing adolescent development; (4) care versus control, or care is control?; (5) fostering relationships--the administrator role, the teacher role, the student role, and parental involvement; (6) care and academic achievement; (7) care and curriculum integration; (8) caring programs; and (9) schools and social service collaboration. The conclusion summarizes several of its findings, such as students' need for support systems and training in interpersonal skills, the importance of high expectations for students' performance, and the need for partnerships with parents and communities. Contains 30 references. (EV)