This paper highlights the existing Botswana national policy on natural resources conservation and development, as well as the stated conservation strategy, institutions and implementation. In order to achieve Botswana's commitment to sustainable development as a goal which emphasizes both conservation and development, the paper strongly argues for lifelong institutionalization of environmental education both in formal education systems and non-formal adult education fashions. This includes the reactivation of indigenous cultural education rooted in the life style of the people. The paper provides pertinent learning and training strategies including social mobilization techniques for raising people's awareness, popular participation, and support systems. The paper concludes by observing that concerted efforts to achieve the country's policy on sustainable natural resource conservation and development will depend on the manner and degree of institutionalization of environmental education which covers the life span of every person in society. In the face of conflict of interests, emerging from changes in science and technology and free market economic policies, sustainable environmental education will require imaginative, institutionalized formal and non-formal learning and training strategies. (Author/LZ)