Maladaptive eating behaviors are a growing phenomenon which has captured the interest of not only health and psychology professionals, but also the general public. This paper examines the various types of treatment and counseling approaches for treating anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Definitions for both disorders are provided, followed by discussion of the epidemiology of eating disorders. Similarities and differences between anorexia and bulimia are presented by comparing their psychological, behavioral, and physical characteristics. In addition to discussing several theoretical perspectives which explain the etiological factors of eating disorders, the types of treatment for these conditions are described, including medical assessments, inpatient care, outpatient care, and pharmacological treatment. In-depth discussion of various counseling approaches for treating anorexia and bulimia are offered, covering such concerns as preventative programs, factors concerning treatment selection, and characteristics of the therapist. Such factors as age, gender, severity of the illness, and motivation to change are all important when selecting treatment. Early intervention and appropriate selection of treatment and therapists are necessary in preventing these disorders from resulting in tragic consequences. Contains 20 references. (RJM)