This study compared parent and teacher beliefs regarding the relative importance of a set of child care and education tasks, and assessed the degree to which the responsibility for these tasks was perceived to be shared between home and school. The questionnaires of the Perception of Parental Role Scales were administered to three groups of subjects: (1) parents of school-age children in rural settings; (2) parents of preschool children in rural settings; and (3) teachers of school-age and preschool children in rural and urban settings. The instrument consisted of 75 items related to child care and education and represented 13 clusters of child care and education tasks such as those related to cognitive development, emotions, norms and social values, health care, emotional needs, and basic child care. Respondents rated items on the survey for the importance of the task in raising a child, and the locus of responsibility for the task (from almost exclusively parent to almost exclusively school on a 5-point scale). The study revealed statistically significant differences between parents' and teachers' beliefs. Teachers as a group showed little variation on their perceptions of responsibilities but differed from parents in the degree to which they felt parents should have responsibility, particularly in the case of academic learning. (HOD)