This report fulfills the annual reporting requirements of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (JJDP) Act of 1974 as amended, and describes the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention's (OJJDP) efforts to carry out the broad mandates of the JJDP Act during fiscal year 1991. The report begins with an explanation of the structure of the Office within the Department of Justice, the statutory requirements, and then provides an overview of the juvenile justice system to assist those who desire a greater understanding of juvenile justice. The report further provides case illustrations, highlighted descriptions of key programs, and summary reports on recent studies and developments among the Nation's youth. The nine chapters focus on these specific topics: (1) confronting violence, drugs and gangs; (2) reducing illiteracy and educational deficits; (3) reclaiming communities; (4) entering the juvenile justice system; (5) detaining and supervising offenders; (6) meeting the statutory mandates; (7) focusing on exemplary programs and state plans; (8) determining directions and reporting results; and (9) missing and exploited children. The appendix lists OJJDP-funded projects during fiscal year 1991. (ABL)