This booklet presents statistics concerning the well-being of Illinois' 3.3 million children between 1980 and 1990. Statistics are compared county by county for each of the state's 102 counties, and statewide statistics are compared with those of the entire nation. A statewide analysis focuses on spending per pupil on education, the percentage of women receiving early prenatal care, the percentage of children living in poverty, and the number of children in foster care. The analysis highlights improvements and declines in these areas. Topics concerning demographics, education, health, economic opportunity, and special needs children are considered in detail in profiles of seven counties. Extensive tables present information about each of Illinois' counties. This information includes: (1) a breakdown of children in terms of age and race; (2) educational data, such as revenues per student and the number of children attending state-funded preschool; (3) health data, such as rates of infant mortality, low birth weight, and teenage pregnancy; (4) data on poverty and economic opportunity, such as the number of children receiving public assistance and living in poverty; and (5) data on special needs children, such as the instance of child neglect, substitute care placement, juvenile incarceration, and delinquency. The booklet encourages concerned citizens to become involved at the local level to help improve children's lives. (MDM)