This volume reports on the flow of graduates from higher education into working life in Portugal, the United Kingdom, Sweden and Switzerland. Chapters for each nation were contributed by national experts in that field. The first section of the report, on Portugal, contains two papers. The first, written in English, discusses recent changes in the higher education system there, and the second, written in French, looks at higher education output during the 1980s, employment and social and regional mobility, and current trends and future challenges. This chapter also reports on a special study concerning degree holders from Portugal's agricultural schools. The section on the United Kingdom consists of one paper (in English) that describes students in higher education, provides an institutional background on the graduate labor market, analyses patterns and trends in graduate output, and discusses other trends, particularly in the new graduate labor market. The one chapter on Sweden, also written in English, describes higher education there, training from the upper secondary level to higher education, output from the higher education system, the graduate labor market, qualification levels for various educational categories, the relationship between longer education and higher income, and earnings for men and women. The final section, on Switzerland, is written in French and covers the context of the Swiss system of higher education, the structure of the system, and statistical information concerning the students who enroll in the system, as well as the transition from higher education to work, and aspects of the employment market in Switzerland. Each chapter in this report includes its own reference list. (JB)