This paper depicts the historical background and lifestyle of the Powhatan Indians. There are approximately 30 such tribes in present-day Maryland, Virginia, and near the North Carolina border. The name Powhatan is defined, and the history and current lifestyles of the Virginia and New Jersey Powhatans are described. Contemporary Powhatan social concerns are outlined including the advantages and disadvantages of the civil-rights movement in the 1960s. Contemporary Powhatan art is described, and it is emphasized that both traditional and contemporary thinking does not separate art and life, and that Powhatan women were and still are part of this great women-centered art. In addition, the effects of the Colonial Era on traditional Powhatan art are explored. Contemporary Powhatans have preserved the traditional arts of clay pots and pipes, basketry, some beadworking, and turkey-feather knitting/weaving. The techniques, design elements, and significance of their featherwork, basketry, and pottery are described. In the conclusion, it is demonstrated that although politically and socially the Indians were oppressed, through a resurgence of ethnic pride, contemporary Powhatans are asserting their heritage through spiritual ceremonies, public festivals, and the arts. (KM)