This case study examined changes which have taken place at two independent colleges founded by Catholic religious orders (referred to respectively as "Josephite College" and "Jesuit College") and the effects of those changes on the Catholic character and identity of each college. The study involved interviews with faculty members and administrators as well as members of the founding religious orders, and analysis of written records. The theoretical concepts of organizational culture and an adaptive/interpretive model were used to interpret findings. The tendency of previously Catholic schools to become independent in order to receive state aid was examined as were societal trends toward increased secularization. It was concluded that Josephite College exhibits a weak Catholic culture whereas Jesuit College demonstrates a strong Catholic culture. Gradual changes in goals, governance, and mission over time were seen to be causing these institutions to evolve into different entities. Analysis of the two schools and recommendations for maintaining Catholic identity are offered in relation to government aid, growth and diversity, leadership, presence of religious personnel, and religious sponsorship. Includes 20 references. (DB)