Aime Cesaire is one of the foremost French-speaking blacks in twentieth century literature. The concept of negritude--referring to the culture of French-speaking blacks--is often associated with his name. This paper discusses his life and work, and explores his life from his birth in Martinique, his early years, the years spent in Paris, and his return to Martinique shortly before World War II. Particular attention is given to "Notes on a Return to the Native Land"--Cesaire's best known work. Seven different themes occurring in this work are identified and representative passages are quoted. A bibliography is included. (DB)