This is the first of three volumes which presents the Committee on Biomedical and Behavioral Research Personnel's examination of the educational process that leads to doctoral degrees in biomedical and behavioral science (and to postdoctoral study in some cases) and the role of the National Research Service Awards (NRSA) training programs in it. Volume 1 of the Committee's report looks at (1) the role of NRSA programs in the education pipeline, including the historical trends, NRSA program structures, and a statistical overview of NRSA training programs; (2) the current market for biomedical and behavioral scientists and the recent trends in the labor market for each; (3) the future labor market for biomedical and behavioral research personnel; (4) measuring the effectiveness of NRSA training programs; and (5) the recommendations for research in testing a research training program's performance in enriching research careers and increasing the volume and quality of their output. An appendix contains an examination of the emerging biotechnology industry, data needs for program evaluation, and 24 tables summarizing employment trends. (GLR)