This digest familiarizes counselors with the four major types of child maltreatment: neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse and exploitation, and emotional abuse or neglect. A definition is provided for each, along with relevant symptoms and statistics. The subsequent discussion focuses on identifying maltreatment and on counseling abused children. Since counseling alone cannot ensure the safety of a maltreated child, a team approach involving social workers, medical personnel, counselors, and educators is recommended. (TE)