This paper provides guidelines for neonatal audiologic screening. Hearing tests that measure behavioral responses, and those that measure physiological changes of body function in response to a stimulus, are discussed. The paper is intended to rectify inadequate means of identifying and testing infants considered as high risks for hearing loss. The information presented indicates the existence of viable methods of determining the hearing acuity of an infant. Discussion emphasizes that early identification of hearing problems is of paramount importance for the prevention of unnecessary delays in a child's ability to communicate and interact with the world. Specific strategies for early identification are offered. (RH)