The availability of an increased variety of therapeutic approaches provides the opportunity to improve hypertension control while minimizing adverse effects that may influence cardiovascular complications and adherence to therapy. This report serves two purposes: (1) to guide practicing physicians and other health professionals in their care of hypertensive patients; and (2) to guide health professionals participating in the many community high blood pressure control programs. Contents include: (1) definition and prevalence of high blood pressure; (2) detection, confirmation and referral; (3) evaluation and diagnosis; (4) treatment--nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic therapy, and long-term maintenance of therapy; (5) considerations in individual therapy; and (6) special populations and management problems. Fifty-five references are included. (JD)