This book, divided into three sections, comprises papers delivered at a conference on "Alternative Strategies in Compensatory Education," convened by the staff of the National Assessment of Chapter 1 of the Education Consolidation and Improvement Act and designed to aid Congress in its 1987 reauthorization of Chapter 1. The introduction, "Title I in Retrospect, Chapter 1 in Prospect," is by Denis P. Doyle. Section 1, "The Federal Role" includes the following papers: (1) "The Evolution of the Compensatory Education Program" (Paul E. Peterson, Barry G. Rabe, and Kenneth K. Wong); (2) "Program Strategy and Design: Options for Federal Action in Education" (Paul T. Hill); (3) "Increased State Capacity and Aid to the Disadvantaged" (Susan Fuhrman); and (4) "The Federal Role and Chapter 1: Rethinking Some Basic Assuptions" (Michael W. Kirst). Section 2 "Selected Issues of Access and Accountability," includes the following papers: (1) "Selecting Students and Services for Chapter 1" (Marshall S. Smith); (2) "Funding the Individual? An Essay on the Future of Chapter 1" (Denis P. Doyle and Bruce S. Cooper); (3) "The Problem of Quality in Chapter 1" (Richard F. Elmore); and (4) "How Fiscal Accountability and Program Quality Can Be Insured for Chapter 1" (Allan Odden). Section 3, "Lessons for "Implementation," includes the following papers: (1) "The Next Steps in Urban Education" (Charles Glenn); (2) "The Ways That Schools Are: Lessons for Reformers" (Larry Cuban); and (3) "Effective Schools and the Problems of the Poor" (John E. Chubb). Four tables and figures illustrate some of the data. A list of references is provided for each paper. (BJV)