This report on the proposed National Childhood Vaccine Improvement Act of 1986 describes the background and need for legislation to safeguard the supply of vaccines for childhood diseases, to improve knowledge about adverse reactions, and to assist in the development of safer vaccines. This bill is a substitute amendment for a bill previously introduced, the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Compensation Act, thus leaving the compensation issue for resolution by the 100th Congress. The amendment establishes an Advisory Commission on Childhood Vaccines to encourage availability of vaccines, survey and analyze programs for gathering information on injuries from vaccines, and recommend research priorities and other measures to the Secretary of Health and Human Services. Also included in the bill are provisions for recording and reporting information on vaccine administration and adverse reactions, procedures for promulgating rules regarding vaccine administration, instructions for development of information for parents, and orders regarding research. (MT)