Presented in this symposium reader are nine papers, four of which deal with the theory and impact of the Rasch model on language testing and five of which discuss final examinations in secondary schools in both general and specific terms. The papers are: "Introduction to Rasch Measurement: Some Implications for Language Testing" (J. J. M. Theunissen); "Focusing in on a Latent Trait: An Attempt at Construct Validation by Means of the Rasch Model" (John H. A. L. de Jong); "Rasch and Reading" (Digna M. M. Samson); "Objective Based Tests for Reading Comprehension" (Willem M. M. van Roosmalen); "The Swedish System of Final Examinations in Modern Foreign Languages" (Torsten Lindblad); "Language Testing at About Age 16: Current Developments in England, Wales and Northern Ireland" (Robert H. Osborne); "Final Language Examinations in Secondary Education: The Dutch System" (Trude A. Maas); "Backwash Effect of Multiple Choice Language Tests: Myth or Reality?" (Hildo Wesdorp); and "Response Models for Examinations with Open-ended Questions" (Henk Kreeft, Piet Sanders). (MSE)