Five papers presented at two academic seminars are collected in this document which deals with the survival of American Indian tribes, focusing on language maintenance, tribal government, and intergovernmental relations. Robert Dumont and David Kaudy note the remarkable way in which the written English word has been incorporated into the core of tribal life and point out language issues that underlie the complex federal-Indian legal relationship. Robert Thomas discusses the accelerated rate of tribal language loss since 1961 and explains the grave implications of that loss for the survival of Indians as tribal people. In a second paper Thomas provides an historical overview of tribal government from aboriginal to modern times and urges that tribal leaders, in spite of today's materialism, concern themselves with Indian dreams and traditional values. A paper prepared by Native American Educational Services, Inc. (NAES) College instructors Rose Barstow, Margaret Boney, and Lola Hill at the Chicago study site documents the existence of tribally specific patterns of Indian English and the emergence of urban Indian speech communities. David Beaulieu describes positive aspects of Indian education in Minnesota, where tribal, state, and federal governments have cooperated to create an exemplary program. The document also contains an introduction by Terry Straus of NAES College and excerpts from the Declaration of Indian Purpose prepared for the American Indian Chicago Conference held in 1961. (JHZ)