ERIC Number: ED278706
Record Type: Non-Journal
Publication Date: 1986-Apr
Pages: 27
Abstractor: N/A
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: N/A
EISSN: N/A
Latent Trait Models and Random Guessing: A Comparison of Two Logistic Latent Trait Models.
Waller, Michael I.
This study compares the fit of the 3-parameter model to the Ability Removing Random Guessing (ARRG) model on data from a wide range of tests of cognitive ability in three representative samples. When the guessing parameters under the 3-parameter model are estimated individually for each item, the 3-parameter model yields the better fit to approximately 61 percent of these examinations. The ARRG model, which is designed to remove the effects of purely random guessing only, produces a better fit in 15 percent of these examinations, apparently to only those data sets which contain relatively little partial knowledge guessing behavior. The 2-parameter, free response model produces the best fit to 24 percent of these examinations. These results indicate that the 3-parameter model does make an adjustment for partial knowledge guessing. A comparison is also made between fits of the 3-parameter model with guessing parameters estimated at a constant value of one divided by the number of alternatives, and those estimated individually. Individually estimated guessing parameters are found to produce fits far superior to those estimated at a constant value. A solution to the convergence problems often obtained with the 3-parameter model is discussed. (Author/JAZ)
Descriptors: Cognitive Tests, Cohort Analysis, Elementary Secondary Education, Equations (Mathematics), Estimation (Mathematics), Goodness of Fit, Guessing (Tests), Item Analysis, Latent Trait Theory, Mathematical Models, Maximum Likelihood Statistics, Multiple Choice Tests, Test Items, Testing Problems
Publication Type: Speeches/Meeting Papers; Reports - Research
Education Level: N/A
Audience: Researchers
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A