Designed to provide useful information for middle school teachers and administrators involved in planning and implementing microcomputer programs in their schools, this focus paper begins with a brief discussion of the "who, what, when, where, and why" of microcomputers in the schools, followed by discussions of two types of relevant research: the effectiveness of computer-assisted instruction (CAI), and learning by middle school students. Descriptions of instructional applications discuss the microcomputer as the object of instruction, a tool of instruction, and a manager of instruction. Noninstructional applications for teachers are noted together with administrative and office applications, and guidelines for organization and management include a number of factors to be considered in the planning and implementation of the microcomputer program. The various groups that should be involved in inservice training are identified, as well as alternative approaches that can be used and the types of materials to be covered for the different groups. Comments about the impact and potential of microcomputer use at the middle school level conclude this paper. A reference list/bibliography lists 20 titles, and appended materials include (1) brief descriptions of six sample programs in Michigan schools; and (2) a resource list which includes 15 articles and books for educators, 10 organizations, projects, and resource centers; a periodical and 3 catalogs and directories; and 4 books for use by middle school students. (BBM)