This document presents papers prepared for the 1978 Special National Workshop on Mental Health Services in Local Jails. The articles provide information on several topics: (1) the nature and extent of mental health needs in local jails; (2) assessment and intervention approaches for addressing these needs; (3) mental health service delivery systems and models that are currently in use; (4) legal issues, responsibilities, and constraints involved in providing mental health services in jails; and (5) needed future action, research, and training efforts. The nine papers presented are: (1) On "Demons" and "Gaols": A Summary and Review of Investigations concerning the Psychological Problems of Jail Prisoners; (2) Service Delivery Models: A Summary of Examples; (3) Providing Mental Health Services to Jail Inmates: Legal Perspectives; (4) Psychological Assessment in Jails: Implementation of the Standards Recommended by the National Advisory Commission on Criminal Justice Standards; (5) Intervention Models for Mental Health Services in Jails; (6) Juveniles in Jail: Special Issues for a Population Subgroup; (7) The Labeling and Treatment of Mental Illness in Jails: A Theoretical Discussion; (8) Jails and Mental Health: Suggestions Toward a Research Agenda; and (9) A Research Agenda for Mental Health Services in Local Jails. The final section presents issues and recommendations generated by the workshop. A list of workshop participants is appended. (WAS)