The findings from a series of case studies of nine successful demonstration programs are summarized. The programs, funded by the Appalachian Regional Commission, included child development, vocational education, technology, economic development, and housing. The primary purpose of the case studies was to discover what makes programs successful. A second purpose was to provide information for replicating the programs. Conducting a series of case studies provided opportunities for cross-site analysis of critical ingredients for successful demonstration programs. Through cross site analysis, three variables consistently emerged as important: resource efficiency, user orientation, and emphasis on dissemination. This presentation elaborates on these critical ingredients of successful programs, presents related research, provides examples from the case studies, and suggests some guidelines for replicating the success of these programs. The programs include: (1) the Montour GREENHOUSE Project, Washingtonville, Pennsylvania; (2) the Home Repair Project, southeastern Ohio; (3) Joyner Heavy Equipment training in east Tennessee; (4) the Comprehensive Vocational Teacher Education Program in Mississippi; (5) Parents and Little Kids, Greenville, South Carolina; (6) Help Educate Little People (HELP), Greenville, South Carolina; (7) the Coal Industry Technical Assistance Center (CITAC) in eastern Kentucky; (8) the Technological Extension Service for Small Business and Industry, in western Maryland; and (9) Technical Assistance to Local Governments for Engineering Services in southeastern Ohio. (PN)