Pertinent research literature and existing practices in the area of leadership for school climate improvement are reviewed in this document. The report first turns to the literature to establish working concepts of "leadership" and "school climate," enumerating the major characteristics by which each concept is recognized. The processes for improving school climate are reviewed next and are described as varying less in general approach than in the degree of specificity with which they are detailed by their originators. Thirteen instruments for assessing school climate and a number of approaches and programs for providing leadership training are also outlined, preceding the author's short summation. Over 110 relevant documents are cited in the report's bibliography. The author also provides substantial supplementary material, including descriptions of 11 school climate improvement projects currently being conducted in school districts or at the state level across the country; a 14-page instrument for principals to use, either individually or in workshops, in assessing school climate, clarifying goals, and planning actions; and a series of 7 summary sheets addressing major points made in earlier portions of the document about leadership, the principal, and school climate. A newsletter containing information from the National Institute of Education about current research activity related to the principalship is appended. (PGD)