This study investigated the effectiveness of finger mathematics with elementary pupils in second grade. The sample consisted of 56 pupils located in a lower socioeconomic area of Chicago. Half the pupils were taught using the finger method; the other half experienced the traditional textbook paper-and-pencil method. The results indicated that finger mathematics significantly improved the mathematics achievement of second graders at all ability levels. It is felt that additional research, particularly longitudinal studies, need to be conducted to assess the finger mathematics program with all elementary school children. (MP)