The principal human factors engineering issue in robotics is the division of labor between automation (robots) and human beings. This issue reflects a prime human factors engineering consideration in systems design--what equipment should do and what operators and maintainers should do. Understanding of capabilities and limitations of robots and people is necessary to examine how their performances should be interrelated. Robots readily fit into the context of automation of equipment/product design and manufacturing management. Their capabilities fit into four major functional categories--manipulation, locomotion, sensing, and executive. Robots may be used in a variety of settings for a number of industrial operations. Criteria to be considered in deciding whether to use robots are costs, production, parts, quality, reliability, space, safety, environment, and management. Human factors engineering issues in robotics other than the primary one of division of labor are design, procedurization, and protection. Investigations addressing human factors engineering in robotics have thus far focused on teleoperators, an Integrated Computer-Aided Manufacturing Program, and Adaptable-Programmable Assembly Systems. A need exists for more analysis and empirical studies directed at division of labor between humans and robots and their symbiosis. (YLB)