Presented in this document are the results of the five focus groups involved in Project Synthesis, a research study designed to synthesize and interpret the information found in the three National Science Foundation-funded status studies (the literature review, the national survey, and the case studies "The Status of Pre-College Science, Mathematics, and Social Studies Educational Practices in U.S. Schools: An Overview and Summaries of Three Studies," ED 166 034); reports from the science assessment efforts of the National Assessment of Educational Progress; and an analysis of current science textbooks as well as some other analyses of the current situation in K-12 science. Using a discrepancy model, the focus groups (biological sciences, physical sciences, inquiry, elementary school science, science-technology and society) each set forth a desired state, described the actual state of affairs in science education, identified discrepancies between the desired state and the actual state, and made recommendations for future action. Analyses relate to four student goal clusters. (PB)